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Noun Clause adalah klausa dalam complex sentence (kalimat kompleks, majemuk bertingkat) yang dalam kalimat dia berfungsi sama dengan noun (kata benda). Seperti Biasa, kata benda di dalam kalimat dapat berfungsi sebagai Subjek, sebagai Objek (object of Preposition ataupun Object of Verb), sebagai Pelengkap atau penjelas Subjek.
Secara grammatical dia dapat bermakna pernyataan (statement), Pertanyaan (Question) ataupun sebagai pengganti Kata Seru (Exclamation). So, mari kita lihat satu-persatu bentuk Noun Clause Berdasarkan Makna (meaning) dan fungsinya dalam kalimat.
A. Statement (Pernyataan)
Merupakan pernyataan terhadap kondisi tertentu, dicirikan dengan kata penghubung (Conjunction) "that" dan bermakna "bahwa" atau "kondisi dimana ....."- Sebagai Subjek Verb
- Sebagai Objek Verb
- Sebagai Subjek dari antisipatori it/prepatori it
- Sebagai Penjelas atau Pelengkap Subjek
a.
Subject of Linking Verb, terutama “be”
Contoh :
·
That he had bribed the judge proved right.
·
That coffee grows in Brazil is very well-known.
·
That he should disappear so suddenly seems very strange.
·
That the child’s fever has gone down is very encouraging
Berikut daftar Linking Verb yang umum atau dapat mengikuti Noun Clause
.................
.................
b.
Causative Verbs.
·
That john came late made me surprised
·
That she left the door open at night invited a thief to come.
·
That the two nation can not find an area of agreement may
result in the failure of the peace talks.
c.
Verbs expressing emotion
·
That she was called upon to speak flattered her greatly.
·
That he was not consulted in the mater angered him.
d.
Verbs seperti : mean, matter, make different.
·
That our best player is injured doesn’t matter as long as we
still play as team.
·
That they are very rich means nothing to me.
·
That you had put up some new wallpaper has made all the
difference to this place.
2. Sebagai Objek Verb (As Object of Verb)
Umumnya digunakan pada statement dalam kalimat tidak langsung (indirect speech), kata sambung (conjunction) yang umum dipakai adalah "That" bermakna bahwa.
Contoh :
(wh) = possible with “wh” question, too.
·
She acknowledged that she had been at fault.
·
Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone
thought.
· I perceived that he wasn't happy with the arrangements, so
I tried to book a different hotel.
· She wish (that) you were
coming with me. (khusus “wish” akan dibahasa tersendiri di bagian Request).
·
He threaten me that he would kill me.
· Take
care (= Make certain) that you don't fall.
Berikut adalah kata kerja yang umum diikuti oleh Noun Clause:
...................
...................
3. Sebagai Subjek dari antisipatori it/prepatori it
That clause sebagai Subject (seperti uraian diats jarang lebih
digunakan. pola yang lebih umum adalah dengan menggunakan antisipatory
it/prepatory Subject it. artinya subjek "it" sebenarnya adalah Noun Clause dengan
Contoh :
·
It proved right that he had bribed the judge.
·
It is very well-known that coffee grows in Brazil.
·
It seems very strange that he should disappear so suddenly.
·
It may result in the failure of the peace talks that
the two nation cannot find an area of agreement.
·
It flaatered her greatly that
she was called upon to speak.
·
It is probable that we’ll be alittle late.
·
It’s essential that she shoul be told immediately.
·
It never even occurred to us that he
hadn't been invited.
4. Sebagai Penjelas atau Pelengkap Subjek (Subjective Complement)
·
My understanding is that coffee grows in brazil.
· The fact is Tim has’nt been able to make any friends.
B. Question (Pertanyaan)
1.
Jenis
a.
Yes/no Question
Dicirikan oleh kata sambung (conjunction) wheather
(or not) dan if (or not).
Catatan : noun clause dengan Conjuction if (informal) tidak
dapat menduduki subject.
Let me know wheather or not you will come. atau
Let me know wheather you will come or not.
Let me know if you will come or not. (….if or not you will
come)
1)
As subject
· whether or not he
will come tomorrow is still uncertain. (Whether he will com tomorrow or not……/ If
or not he will com tomorrow……/
If he will com tomorrow or not……..)
· it is still
uncertain whether or not he will com tomorrow .
2)
As subjective complement (pelengkap subjek)
· The question is
wheater he will get the money.
3)
As Object of verb
· I don’t know whether
or not he plan to come to the meeting tomorrow night.
· Hadn't you better
phone home? Your parents will be wondering where you are.
4)
As Object of preposition
· It all depends on whether
or not she's get in the time. à object of preposition.
b.
Information Question
Informastion question dapat menempati posisi sebagai berikut :
1)
As subject : How he gets the money is his own affair.
·
where he had hidden her chocolate eggs was still
mysterious.
2)
As subjective complement :
The question is how he will get the money.
3)
As Object of Verb :
· He would not reveal
where he had hidden her chocolate eggs.
· I don’t know how
he get the money.
·
It was difficult to estimate how many trees had been
destroyed.
·
Can you imagine how it feels to be blind?
4)
As object of preposition :
We were concerned about how he got the money.
Posisi question word dalam noun clause
1)
As relative Pronoun : who(m), whoever, what, whatever, which.
· Relative Pronoun
Subject : who(ever), what(ever)
I have to face whatever
comes to my life.
S V
She are shocked at what
has happened.
S V
Who will come is the special one.
S V
· Relative Pronoun
Object : who(ever), what(ever), whom(ever)
Of these novels, I don’t know which he bought.
O
S V
He tells the same story to whomever
he meet.
O S
V
2)
As Adjective : which, whose, what.
Of these novels, I don’t know which one he bought.
Adj
pron .
O S V
whose son is playing soccer is a tacher.
Adj n .
S V O
3)
As relative Adverb : Where(ever), when(ever) how(ever), why, how
many, how much.
· He would not reveal where he had hidden her
chocolate eggs.
· Why he did not come to my birthday confused me.
· How many students did the scientific research is still uncertain.
C. Request
1.
Subjective
merupakan pola khusus S V pada subclause, tenses main clause
tidak mempengaruhi tenses subclause dan main verb subclause selalu dalam bentuk
“bare infinitive”. struktur ini centrung disebut juga “that clause”.
S + V + that + S + V (bi)
mainclause subclause/that
clause
a.
Subjunctive after certain verb
Merupakan verb yang umumnya bermakna saran, dukungan, dorongan
dan permintaan supaya seseorang melakukan sesuatu :
............................................
Bentuk subjunctive,
that clause, juga berlaku pada kata benda yang
bersamaan maknanya dengan certain verbs di atas, contoh :
·
He ignored his doctor’s advice
that he (should) take a vacation.
·
His command that
every one (should) leave the camp was
ignored.
Bentuk subjunctive,
that clause, dalam kalimat passive menghendaki munculnya anticipatory it,
contoh :
·
It is requested that all gentlemen (should) wear coat and
ties. (that all gentlemen (should)
wear coat and ties is requested.)
·
It has been suggested that each member contribute some money
for the renovation of the clubhouse.
b.
Subjunctive after certain
adjective
Bentuk subjunctive, that clause, juga berlaku pada adjective
yang maknanya mengarah pada pemberian saran, dukungan, dorongan dan
permintaan supaya seseorang melakukan sesuatu,
contoh :
·
It is advisable that he (should) stay for the entire
conference.
·
It is essential that a guard (should) be on duty at all hour of
the day.
·
it is desirable that he (should) not leave the school before finishing his exam.
“Certain adjective
+ that clause” sebagai complement “it” setelah verbs : believe, consider, find,
think.
·
We considerd it desirable that he (should) not leave the school before finishing
his exam.
·
I think it advisable that he (should) leave soon.
2.
Past Subjective after Wish
a.
Present (simple past subjunctive after wish)
“wish + (that) + simple past” maknanya setara dengan “It would
be nice if…..”. untuk menyatakankan hal yang tidak bersesuaian dengan kenyataan
pada kondisi present, contoh :
·
I wish (that) I spoke French, but I’m sory I only speak
Indonesian and English.
·
I wish I knew her address. (= I’m sorry I dnont know her
address)
·
I wish (that) tomorrow was/were Sunday. (“were” is used
in formal situation for any subject)
·
We wish (that) you didn’t drive so fast, but you drive so
fast.
·
We wish (that) you didn’t
work on Sunday.
b.
future wish (past future subjunctive after wish)
“wish + (That) + past futeru” maknanya setara dengan “It would
be nice if…..”. untuk menyatakankan harapan, pemaksaan dan penolakan. Setara
dengan Conditional sentence tipe 3.
Contoh :
·
I wish (that) I could
manage to give up smoking, but I can’t.
·
All stuffs wish (that ) you weren’t leaving soon, please stay for a while.
·
We wish (that) you wouldn’t
drive so fast, please don’t drive so fast.
·
We wish (that) you wouldn’t
work on Sunday, please stop working on Sunday.
·
I wish (that) I could join you, but I have a lot to do.
c.
Past wish (past perfect subjunctive after wish)
“wish + (That) + past perfect” digunakan untuk menyatakan
keadaan yang bertolak belakang dengan harapan di masa lalu (penyesalan). Setara
dengan Conditional sentence tipe 3.
·
I wish (that) I hadn’t spent so much money. But I spent almost
all my money.
·
I wish you had written to her. (I didn’t write anything to her).
·
I wish (that) she could have been here, but he is haven’t come
yet.
Dalam nada yang lebih dramatis, pola serupa dengan “wish” dapat
digunakan dengan mengunakan if only.
Contoh :
·
If only I knew where she lives.
·
If only it would stop raining.
·
If only she hadn’t told the police, everything would have been
all right.
D. Exclamation (Seruan, Pengganti Kata Seru)
Noun clause of exclamation dicirikan oleh conjunction what (a) dan how, perbedaanyanya adalah :
what (a) diikuti oleh noun phrase : What + noun (phrase)
He Realize what a hard
problem his friend has.
I remember what
beautiful figures they were.
how diikuti oleh adjective atau adverbial : how + adjective/adverb
I notice how beautifully she danced.
I remember how angry
he was.
Posisi
1.
Object of Verb
Sebagai object of verb, noun clause of exclamation, umumnya
jatuh setalah certain verb of mental activity seperti : Realize, notice, see, remember, understand.
Did you notice how large
the diamond was?
I still remember what a wonderful cook his mother was.
2.
Object of Preposition
Sebagai object of Preposition, noun clause of exclamation,
umumnya jatuh setalah certain verb of indirect speech yang diikuti oleh
preposisinya dan setelah bentukan noun dari verbs tersebut. – boast (about), complain (about), talk
(about), remark (about).
She is always boasting about what good children
she has.
àHer boasting about what good children
she has make me nauseated.
He complained about how badly the new bus driver treats his passanger.
The company is
investigating his complaint about how badly the new bus driver
treats his passanger.
Dan juga jatuh setelah emotional participle adjective yang
erakhiran –ed seperti amazed,
astonished, disappointed, disgusted, surprised, yang biasanya dengan
preposisi at
I was ashtonished at how small their house was.
I was surprised at what a beautiful present my
friend gave to me.
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